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Draft 1

Contents

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Draft 1

Contents

1. Introduction
2. Hyperledger Foundation
3. Hyperledger Projects
4. Blockchain Adoption in India
   1. Key Impact Areas
   2. Indian Blockchain Policy
5. Hyperledger Applications in Indian Subcontinent 
   A.    Andhra Pradesh
   B.    Arunachal Pradesh
   C.    Assam
   D.    Bihar
   E.    Chhattisgarh 
   F.    Goa
   G.    Gujarat
   H.    Haryana
   I.    Himachal Pradesh
   J.    Jharkhand
   K.    Karnataka
   L.    Kerala
   M.   Madhya Pradesh
   N.    Maharashtra
   O.    Manipur 
   P.    Meghalaya
   Q.    Mizoram
   R.    Nagaland
   S.    Odisha
   T.    Punjab
   U.   Rajasthan
   V.    Sikkim 
   W.   Tamil Nadu
   X.    Telangana
   Y.    Tripura
   Z.    Uttarakhand
   AA.    Uttar Pradesh
   AB.    West Bengal 
   AC.    Andaman and Nicobar Islands
   AD.    Chandigarh
   AE.    Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu 
   AF    The Government of NCT of Delhi
   AG.   Jammu & Kashmir
   AH.   Ladakh
   AI.    Lakshadweep
   AI.    Puducherry
6. Additional Resources and Readings
7. Acknowledgement 
8. About the Authors

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Hyperledger Fabric - A blockchain framework implementation intended as a foundation for developing applications or solutions with a modular architecture.

Hyperledger FireFly is the first open source Supernode: a complete stack for enterprises to build and scale secure Web3 applications.

Image Modified A distributed ledger that provides tools, libraries, and reusable components for creating and using independent digital identities.

Image Modified Solang is a Solidity compiler written in rust which uses llvm as the compiler backend. Solang can compile Solidity for Solana and Substrate.

Image Modified A developer friendly blockchain platform written in C++, aimed at helping businesses and financial institutions manage digital assets.

Blockchain Adoption in India

Blockchain technology has garnered significant attention and adoption in India across various sectors due to its potential to enhance transparency, security, and efficiency. The Indian government's proactive stance towards digital innovation and the robust tech ecosystem have facilitated the integration of blockchain into multiple facets of the economy.

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Uttarakhand has launched a pilot project for blockchain-based asset tracking solutions with its medical colleges. Utilizing blockchain technology as a decentralized distributed ledger, the project aims to solve inventory and asset management issues across medical colleges and hospitals. It will aggregate data from multiple centers, enabling secure cross-collaboration. This approach is expected to enhance efficiencies, improve inventory management, and reduce instances of overspending on equipment.

AA.    Uttar Pradesh

Tamil Nadu has made notable strides in the adoption of blockchain technology across various sectors. The state government launched the "Nambikkai Inaiyam" project to provide every citizen with a unique state ID, integrating essential documents into a single digital wallet accessible via the e-Pettagam App. The Tamil Nadu Blockchain Policy, established in 2020, emphasizes securing government data, academic records, land transactions, and healthcare information using blockchain. 

In December 2022, Tamil Nadu introduced Soulbound Tokens (SBTs) as digital medals, starting with the police department, to recognize outstanding achievements. These non-transferable tokens represent a person's identity and accomplishments, adding a layer of security and authenticity. In January 2023, the Tamil Nadu Police Idol Wing adopted blockchain for recording complaints and redressing grievances, a pioneering move globally. They also reward informants aiding in idol seizures with NFTs and SBTs.

By June 2023, Tamil Nadu unveiled the Nambikkai Inaiyam (NI) blockchain infrastructure and the e-Pettagam app for secure document sharing. This system protects various records from tampering, including e-sevai certificates, academic certificates, licenses, and land transaction records. These initiatives underscore Tamil Nadu's commitment to leveraging blockchain technology for enhanced governance, transparency, and citizen servicesUttar Pradesh government is the India's and South-Asia's first government to introduce blockchain based peer-to-peer energy trading for roof-top solar panels, installed in Lucknow. This project is started in 2019 in collaboration with the the Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation (UPPCL), Madhyanchal Vidyut Vitran Nigam Limited (MVVNL), Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency (UPNEDA), India Smart Grid Forum(ISGF), and Power Ledger, Australia. 

Apart from the energy sector, Uttar Pradesh government has drafted its blockchain policy in 2018 itself, and successfully implemented land and revenue records in blockchain. Indian Institute of Technology - Kanpur (IIT-K) is working along with the state government and developed blockchain based technology for agricultural applications. 

The government has also piloted trials to award degrees under Niti Aayog. It started issuing digital certificates on the blockchain (IndiaChain) from the 2019 batch onwards. Niti Aayog also running blockchain-based pilots on electronic health records and land records, amongst others will be a huge boost in bringing transparency in governance and reducing frauds.

AB.    West Bengal 

The West Bengal government is making significant strides in integrating blockchain technology into its governance framework. The "West Bengal Blockchain Technology Promotion Guidelines, 2020" outlines a comprehensive plan to leverage blockchain for efficient service delivery, focusing on both government-to-citizen (G2C) and government-to-government (G2G) services. Key initiatives include the use of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) by the New Town Kolkata Development Authority to manage land ownership records, enhancing transparency and eliminating manual paperwork. Additionally, municipal corporations in Durgapur and Bankura districts have developed a blockchain-based platform for issuing legal documents like birth certificates, ensuring secure processing. In collaboration with Web3 startup Airchains, a blockchain-based system for recording and tracking land ownership and mutations in New Town Kolkata has been introduced, improving transparency, security, and efficiency in land management. The guidelines also propose establishing a hybrid blockchain platform hosted within the state's data center or relevant cloud services, providing robust infrastructure for future applications. These initiatives underscore West Bengal's commitment to harnessing blockchain technology for improved governance.

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Certificate Chain is developed to overcome the drawbacks of paper-based certificates. In this system, the Certificate can be accessed online by any authorized person / institution and be assured that it is genuine and not tampered – all this without the need for an intermediary. This provides the necessary trust to the agencies which use these documents to ascertain the eligibility for providing benefit to the citizens. The academic documents of Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is being stored in the Blockchain, which is a nationwide revolutionary application.

Document Chain is a single platform that provides the issuing authorities and consuming entities a standard procedure for storage and retrieval of any document issued by the government such as caste, income, ration card, driving license, birth & death certificates etc.

The certificates / documents onboarded till now with state / department wise are given below:

Source: https://certificatechain.nic.in/Home/DocumentsOnboarded

Drug Logistics Chain provides traceability in the transactions (track & trace) reducing the changes of entry of spurious drugs, enhances precision and brings transparency. Patient can check the details of the manufacturer, expiry details & quality of the medicine before consumption. Efficient recall system can be implemented when the quality of the drug is found to be not-of-standard. The resulting integrated supply chain system brings in all stake holders to a common platform. This is successfully deployed by the Karnataka state government for the past few years.

Judiciary Chain democratize access to the justice system by reducing complexity related to availability of trusted, immutable, time-stamped data and documents.

Property Chain records the property transactions in the shared/distributed manner with all the participating stakeholders. The property transactions are recorded in the chain based on the consensus with the stakeholders. This eliminates the need for dependency on the third party or intermediary to approve the transactions. The property transactions are linked and stored with cryptographic security so that they are immutable and traceable. The linking of the blocks (group of transactions) in the Blockchain ensures that they cannot be tampered with. The property transactions are trustable as they can be verified across the participating stakeholders, resulting in a system that is secured, trusted, immutable, traceable, & verifiable. 

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