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2. Adaptation to climate change
Alternatvely: Standard can be classified according to their place on the causal chain between macro-scale antropomorphic driving forces of climate change and the effects of cliamte change as relating to:
1. Drivers: These are the macro forces [anthropogenic and natural] that drive the causal chain (i.e. give rise to activities that lead to the actual emissions [pressures]).
2. Pressures: Pressures are the direct emissions of greenhouse agente into the atmosphere. A pressure is the result of an activity (antropomorphic)or process (natural).
3. States: Environmental pressures lead to changes in environmental states such as the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere or the temperature of the sea.
4. Impacts: Changes in states have impacts on nature and society. These are not the primary effect of the greenhouse agents (warming of the atmosphere due to increased radiative forcing - this is accounted for uner states) but the further effects of this warming.
5. Actions: People take action to reduce pressures, alter states, mitigate impacts.
What is standardised in climate mitigation standards?
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